GeForce RTX 4090 vs Radeon HD 7650M

Place in the ranking	1071	1
Place by popularity	not in top-100	6
Cost-effectiveness evaluation	no data	18.82
Power efficiency	3.94	15.49
Architecture	TeraScale 2 (2009−2015)	Ada Lovelace (2022−2024)
GPU code name	Thames	AD102
Market segment	Laptop	Desktop
Release date	7 January 2012 (12 years ago)	20 September 2022 (2 years ago)
Launch price (MSRP)	no data	$1,599

Cost-effectiveness evaluation

Performance to price ratio. The higher, the better.

no data

Detailed specifications

General parameters such as number of shaders, GPU core base clock and boost clock speeds, manufacturing process, texturing and calculation speed. Note that power consumption of some graphics cards can well exceed their nominal TDP, especially when overclocked.

Pipelines / CUDA cores	480	16384
Core clock speed	450 MHz	2235 MHz
Boost clock speed	550 MHz	2520 MHz
Number of transistors	716 million	76,300 million
Manufacturing process technology	40 nm	5 nm
Power consumption (TDP)	20 Watt	450 Watt
Texture fill rate	10.80	1,290
Floating-point processing power	0.432 TFLOPS	82.58 TFLOPS
ROPs	16	176
TMUs	24	512
Tensor Cores	no data	512
Ray Tracing Cores	no data	128

Form factor & compatibility

Information on compatibility with other computer components. Useful when choosing a future computer configuration or upgrading an existing one. For desktop graphics cards it's interface and bus (motherboard compatibility), additional power connectors (power supply compatibility).

Laptop size	medium sized	no data
Interface	PCIe 2.0 x16	PCIe 4.0 x16
Length	no data	304 mm
Width	no data	3-slot
Supplementary power connectors	no data	1x 16-pin

VRAM capacity and type

Parameters of VRAM installed: its type, size, bus, clock and resulting bandwidth. Integrated GPUs have no dedicated video RAM and use a shared part of system RAM.

Memory type	DDR3	GDDR6X
Maximum RAM amount	1 GB	24 GB
Memory bus width	128 Bit	384 Bit
Memory clock speed	800 MHz	1313 MHz
Memory bandwidth	25.6 GB/s	1.01 TB/s
Shared memory	-	-

Connectivity and outputs

Types and number of video connectors present on the reviewed GPUs. As a rule, data in this section is precise only for desktop reference ones (so-called Founders Edition for NVIDIA chips). OEM manufacturers may change the number and type of output ports, while for notebook cards availability of certain video outputs ports depends on the laptop model rather than on the card itself.

Display Connectors	No outputs	1x HDMI 2.1, 3x DisplayPort 1.4a
HDMI	-	+

API compatibility

List of supported 3D and general-purpose computing APIs, including their specific versions.

DirectX	11.2 (11_0)	12 Ultimate (12_2)
Shader Model	5.0	6.8
OpenGL	4.4	4.6
OpenCL	1.2	3.0
Vulkan	N/A	1.3
CUDA	-	8.9

Synthetic benchmark performance

Non-gaming benchmark results comparison. The combined score is measured on a 0-100 point scale.

Combined synthetic benchmark score

This is our combined benchmark score. We are regularly improving our combining algorithms, but if you find some perceived inconsistencies, feel free to speak up in comments section, we usually fix problems quickly.

HD 7650M 1.13

RTX 4090 100.00
+8750%

Passmark

This is the most ubiquitous GPU benchmark. It gives the graphics card a thorough evaluation under various types of load, providing four separate benchmarks for Direct3D versions 9, 10, 11 and 12 (the last being done in 4K resolution if possible), and few more tests engaging DirectCompute capabilities.

HD 7650M 437

RTX 4090 38578
+8728%

3DMark 11 Performance GPU

3DMark 11 is an obsolete DirectX 11 benchmark by Futuremark. It used four tests based on two scenes, one being few submarines exploring the submerged wreck of a sunken ship, the other is an abandoned temple deep in the jungle. All the tests are heavy with volumetric lighting and tessellation, and despite being done in 1280x720 resolution, are relatively taxing. Discontinued in January 2020, 3DMark 11 is now superseded by Time Spy.

HD 7650M 946

RTX 4090 104598
+10963%

3DMark Vantage Performance

3DMark Vantage is an outdated DirectX 10 benchmark using 1280x1024 screen resolution. It taxes the graphics card with two scenes, one depicting a girl escaping some militarized base located within a sea cave, the other displaying a space fleet attack on a defenseless planet. It was discontinued in April 2017, and Time Spy benchmark is now recommended to be used instead.

HD 7650M 4563

RTX 4090 137609
+2916%

3DMark Fire Strike Graphics

Fire Strike is a DirectX 11 benchmark for gaming PCs. It features two separate tests displaying a fight between a humanoid and a fiery creature made of lava. Using 1920x1080 resolution, Fire Strike shows off some realistic graphics and is quite taxing on hardware.

HD 7650M 700

RTX 4090 73447
+10392%

Gaming performance

Let's see how good the compared graphics cards are for gaming. Particular gaming benchmark results are measured in FPS.

Average FPS across all PC games

Here are the average frames per second in a large set of popular games across different resolutions:

900p	18 −8511%	1550−1600 +8511%
Full HD	19 −1305%	267 +1305%
1440p	2−3 −10100%	204 +10100%
4K	1−2 −14700%	148 +14700%

Cost per frame, $

1080p	no data	5.99
1440p	no data	7.84
4K	no data	10.80

FPS performance in popular games

Full HD
Low Preset

Cyberpunk 2077

3−4

−7400%

225
+7400%

Full HD
Medium Preset

Assassin's Creed Odyssey	5−6 −4600%	235 +4600%
Call of Duty: Modern Warfare	4−5 −2900%	120−130 +2900%
Cyberpunk 2077	3−4 −7300%	222 +7300%
Far Cry 5	1−2 −11700%	110−120 +11700%
Far Cry New Dawn	3−4 −6600%	200−210 +6600%
Forza Horizon 4	1−2 −29000%	290−300 +29000%
Hitman 3	5−6 −2480%	120−130 +2480%
Horizon Zero Dawn	12−14 −2608%	350−400 +2608%
Red Dead Redemption 2	2−3 −6100%	120−130 +6100%
Shadow of the Tomb Raider	7−8 −6500%	450−500 +6500%
Watch Dogs: Legion	30−35 −381%	150−160 +381%

Full HD
High Preset

Assassin's Creed Odyssey	5−6 −3960%	200−210 +3960%
Call of Duty: Modern Warfare	4−5 −2900%	120−130 +2900%
Cyberpunk 2077	3−4 −7033%	214 +7033%
Far Cry 5	1−2 −11700%	110−120 +11700%
Far Cry New Dawn	3−4 −6600%	200−210 +6600%
Forza Horizon 4	1−2 −29000%	290−300 +29000%
Hitman 3	5−6 −2480%	120−130 +2480%
Horizon Zero Dawn	12−14 −2608%	350−400 +2608%
Red Dead Redemption 2	2−3 −6100%	120−130 +6100%
Shadow of the Tomb Raider	7−8 −7729%	548 +7729%
The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt	10−12 −2091%	240−250 +2091%
Watch Dogs: Legion	30−35 −381%	150−160 +381%

Full HD
Ultra Preset

Assassin's Creed Odyssey	5−6 −3480%	179 +3480%
Call of Duty: Modern Warfare	4−5 −2900%	120−130 +2900%
Cyberpunk 2077	3−4 −6900%	210 +6900%
Far Cry 5	1−2 −11700%	110−120 +11700%
Forza Horizon 4	1−2 −29000%	290−300 +29000%
Hitman 3	5−6 −2480%	120−130 +2480%
Horizon Zero Dawn	12−14 −2931%	394 +2931%
Shadow of the Tomb Raider	7−8 −7629%	541 +7629%
The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt	10−12 −2673%	305 +2673%
Watch Dogs: Legion	30−35 −378%	153 +378%

Full HD
Epic Preset

Red Dead Redemption 2

2−3

−6100%

120−130
+6100%

1440p
High Preset

Battlefield 5	1−2 −16500%	160−170 +16500%
Far Cry New Dawn	2−3 −5500%	110−120 +5500%

1440p
Ultra Preset

Assassin's Creed Odyssey	1−2 −15400%	155 +15400%
Cyberpunk 2077	1−2 −15300%	154 +15300%
Far Cry 5	1−2 −8300%	80−85 +8300%
Hitman 3	7−8 −1871%	130−140 +1871%
Horizon Zero Dawn	4−5 −9600%	388 +9600%
The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt	0−1	268
Watch Dogs: Legion	5−6 −4700%	240−250 +4700%

1440p
Epic Preset

Red Dead Redemption 2

4−5

−3125%

120−130
+3125%

4K
High Preset

Far Cry New Dawn

0−1

65−70

4K
Ultra Preset

Assassin's Creed Odyssey	1−2 −11900%	120 +11900%
Assassin's Creed Valhalla	0−1	120
Call of Duty: Modern Warfare	0−1	50−55
Far Cry 5	0−1	50−55

4K
Epic Preset

Red Dead Redemption 2

2−3

−5450%

110−120
+5450%

Full HD
Medium Preset

Assassin's Creed Valhalla	287 +0%	287 +0%
Battlefield 5	240−250 +0%	240−250 +0%
Metro Exodus	150−160 +0%	150−160 +0%

Full HD
High Preset

Assassin's Creed Valhalla	248 +0%	248 +0%
Battlefield 5	240−250 +0%	240−250 +0%
Metro Exodus	150−160 +0%	150−160 +0%

Full HD
Ultra Preset

Assassin's Creed Valhalla

220

+0%

220

+0%

1440p
Ultra Preset

Assassin's Creed Valhalla	183 +0%	183 +0%
Call of Duty: Modern Warfare	80−85 +0%	80−85 +0%
Forza Horizon 4	270−280 +0%	270−280 +0%
Metro Exodus	152 +0%	152 +0%
Shadow of the Tomb Raider	504 +0%	504 +0%

4K
High Preset

Battlefield 5	85−90 +0%	85−90 +0%
Hitman 3	80−85 +0%	80−85 +0%
Horizon Zero Dawn	105 +0%	105 +0%
Metro Exodus	140−150 +0%	140−150 +0%
The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt	281 +0%	281 +0%

4K
Ultra Preset

Cyberpunk 2077	80 +0%	80 +0%
Forza Horizon 4	250−260 +0%	250−260 +0%
Shadow of the Tomb Raider	282 +0%	282 +0%
Watch Dogs: Legion	117 +0%	117 +0%

This is how HD 7650M and RTX 4090 compete in popular games:

RTX 4090 is 8511% faster in 900p
RTX 4090 is 1305% faster in 1080p
RTX 4090 is 10100% faster in 1440p
RTX 4090 is 14700% faster in 4K

Here's the range of performance differences observed across popular games:

in Forza Horizon 4, with 1080p resolution and the Medium Preset, the RTX 4090 is 29000% faster.

All in all, in popular games:

RTX 4090 is ahead in 46 tests (69%)
there's a draw in 21 test (31%)

Pros & cons summary

Performance score	1.13	100.00
Recency	7 January 2012	20 September 2022
Maximum RAM amount	1 GB	24 GB
Chip lithography	40 nm	5 nm
Power consumption (TDP)	20 Watt	450 Watt

HD 7650M has 2150% lower power consumption.

RTX 4090, on the other hand, has a 8749.6% higher aggregate performance score, an age advantage of 10 years, a 2300% higher maximum VRAM amount, and a 700% more advanced lithography process.

The GeForce RTX 4090 is our recommended choice as it beats the Radeon HD 7650M in performance tests.

Be aware that Radeon HD 7650M is a notebook card while GeForce RTX 4090 is a desktop one.

Should you still have questions concerning choice between the reviewed GPUs, ask them in Comments section, and we shall answer.