EPYC 9654 vs Ryzen Threadripper 3990X
Aggregate performance score
EPYC 9654 outperforms Ryzen Threadripper 3990X by an impressive 51% based on our aggregate benchmark results.
Primary details
Comparing Ryzen Threadripper 3990X and EPYC 9654 processor market type (desktop or notebook), architecture, sales start time and price.
| Place in the ranking | 34 | 6 |
| Place by popularity | not in top-100 | not in top-100 |
| Cost-effectiveness evaluation | 9.71 | 1.36 |
| Market segment | Desktop processor | Server |
| Series | AMD Ryzen Threadripper | AMD EPYC |
| Power efficiency | 17.00 | 19.90 |
| Architecture codename | Matisse (2019−2020) | Genoa (2022−2023) |
| Release date | 25 November 2019 (5 years ago) | 10 November 2022 (2 years ago) |
| Launch price (MSRP) | $3,999 | $11,805 |
Cost-effectiveness evaluation
Performance per price, higher is better.
Ryzen Threadripper 3990X has 614% better value for money than EPYC 9654.
Detailed specifications
Ryzen Threadripper 3990X and EPYC 9654 basic parameters such as number of cores, number of threads, base frequency and turbo boost clock, lithography, cache size and multiplier lock state. These parameters indirectly say of CPU speed, though for more precise assessment you have to consider their test results.
| Physical cores | 64 (Tetrahexaconta-Core) | 96 |
| Threads | 128 | 192 |
| Base clock speed | 2.9 GHz | 2.4 GHz |
| Boost clock speed | 4.3 GHz | 2.4 GHz |
| Multiplier | 29 | 24 |
| L1 cache | 4 MB | 6 MB |
| L2 cache | 32 MB | 96 MB |
| L3 cache | 256 MB | 384 MB (shared) |
| Chip lithography | 7 nm, 12 nm | 5 nm, 6 nm |
| Die size | 74 mm2 | 12x 72 mm2 |
| Maximum case temperature (TCase) | 95 °C | no data |
| Number of transistors | 38740 Million | 78,840 million |
| 64 bit support | + | + |
| Windows 11 compatibility | + | no data |
| Unlocked multiplier | + | - |
Compatibility
Information on Ryzen Threadripper 3990X and EPYC 9654 compatibility with other computer components: motherboard (look for socket type), power supply unit (look for power consumption) etc. Useful when planning a future computer configuration or upgrading an existing one. Note that power consumption of some processors can well exceed their nominal TDP, even without overclocking. Some can even double their declared thermals given that the motherboard allows to tune the CPU power parameters.
| Number of CPUs in a configuration | 1 | 2 |
| Socket | TR4 | SP5 |
| Power consumption (TDP) | 280 Watt | 360 Watt |
Technologies and extensions
Technological solutions and additional instructions supported by Ryzen Threadripper 3990X and EPYC 9654. You'll probably need this information if you require some particular technology.
| AES-NI | + | + |
| AVX | + | + |
| Precision Boost 2 | + | + |
Virtualization technologies
Virtual machine speed-up technologies supported by Ryzen Threadripper 3990X and EPYC 9654 are enumerated here.
| AMD-V | + | + |
Memory specs
Types, maximum amount and channel quantity of RAM supported by Ryzen Threadripper 3990X and EPYC 9654. Depending on the motherboard, higher memory frequencies may be supported.
| Supported memory types | DDR4-3200 | DDR5-4800 |
| Maximum memory size | 256 GB | 6 TiB |
| Max memory channels | 4 | no data |
| Maximum memory bandwidth | 102.403 GB/s | 460.8 GB/s |
| ECC memory support | + | - |
Peripherals
Specifications and connection of peripherals supported by Ryzen Threadripper 3990X and EPYC 9654.
| PCIe version | 4.0 | 5.0 |
| PCI Express lanes | no data | 128 |
Synthetic benchmark performance
Various benchmark results of the processors in comparison. Overall score is measured in points in 0-100 range, higher is better.
Combined synthetic benchmark score
This is our combined benchmark performance rating. We are regularly improving our combining algorithms, but if you find some perceived inconsistencies, feel free to speak up in comments section, we usually fix problems quickly.
Passmark
Passmark CPU Mark is a widespread benchmark, consisting of 8 different types of workload, including integer and floating point math, extended instructions, compression, encryption and physics calculation. There is also one separate single-threaded scenario measuring single-core performance.
GeekBench 5 Single-Core
GeekBench 5 Single-Core is a cross-platform application developed in the form of CPU tests that independently recreate certain real-world tasks with which to accurately measure performance. This version uses only a single CPU core.
GeekBench 5 Multi-Core
GeekBench 5 Multi-Core is a cross-platform application developed in the form of CPU tests that independently recreate certain real-world tasks with which to accurately measure performance. This version uses all available CPU cores.
Pros & cons summary
| Performance score | 50.29 | 75.70 |
| Recency | 25 November 2019 | 10 November 2022 |
| Physical cores | 64 | 96 |
| Threads | 128 | 192 |
| Chip lithography | 7 nm | 5 nm |
| Power consumption (TDP) | 280 Watt | 360 Watt |
Ryzen Threadripper 3990X has 28.6% lower power consumption.
EPYC 9654, on the other hand, has a 50.5% higher aggregate performance score, an age advantage of 2 years, 50% more physical cores and 50% more threads, and a 40% more advanced lithography process.
The EPYC 9654 is our recommended choice as it beats the Ryzen Threadripper 3990X in performance tests.
Note that Ryzen Threadripper 3990X is a desktop processor while EPYC 9654 is a server/workstation one.
Should you still have questions on choice between Ryzen Threadripper 3990X and EPYC 9654, ask them in Comments section, and we shall answer.
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